艾滋病高危人群行为特征与感染HIV风险分析

Analysis of Behavioral Characteristics of AIDS High-risk Populations and HIV Infection Risk

目的了解药物滥用(drug abuse,DA)、同性性行为(HS)和商业性行为(prostitution,PT)HIV感染者的感染风险,为科学防控艾滋病(AIDS)提供依据。方法采用随机抽样方法选取DA,HS和PT HIV感染者113例,同类人员非HIV感染者202例,对其性交带安全套、每周性交次数、性道德观和HIV传播途径等进行问卷调查,计算患病率和OR值。结果性交带安全套、每周性交≤3次、认为应当遵守性道德和准确掌握HIV传播途径者HIV感染率为24.50%,28.21%,25.00%和18.30%,性交不带安全套、性交频率每周>3次、认为不应当遵守性道德和不掌握HIV传播途径者HIV感染率为46.34%,43.40%,47.68%和50.32%,两者差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。Logistic分析表明,DA,HS,PT,性交不带安全套,不遵守性道德和不掌握HIV传播途径等是HIV感染的重要危险因素,患病风险分别是5.3,2.9,8.2,2.4,3.9和4.2倍。结论 DA,HS,PT,安全套,性交频率,遵守性道德和HIV传播途径的认知力是防控AIDS的活跃因素,规范这些人群的性行为,使用安全套、减少性交频率、遵守性道德和提高人群HIV传播途径的认知力对防控HIV感染有益。

Objective To study the association of drug abuse（DA） , homosexual behavior（HS） and prostitution（PT） with the risk of AIDS infection, providing the basis for prevention and control of AIDS. Methods 113 cases with HIV infection and 202 normal controls were enrolled in this study. Questionnaire on the use of condom, weekly sexual frequency, sexual morality and HIV infection routes was given to each subject, followed by calculation of prevalence and the OR value. Results The HIV infection rates for people having intercourse with condoms, weekly intercourse ~〈3 times, good sexual morality and accurate knowledge of HIV transmis- sion were 24.50% , 28.21% , 25.00% and 18.30% , respectively. The HIV infection rates for people hav- ing intercourse without condoms, weekly intercourse 〉 3 times, bad sexual morality and no knowledge of HIV transmission routes were 46.34% , 43.40% , 47.68% and 50.32% , respectively. The differences be- tween these two groups were significant（P 〈 0.01 ）. Logistic analysis showed that the DA, HS, ffF, sexual intercourse without a condom, sexual morality and lack of knowledge of HIV transmission routes were important risk factors. The ORs for HIV inteetion in these categories were 5.3, 2.9, 8.2, 2.4, 3.9 and 4.2, re- spectively. Conclusion DA, homosexual behavior, PT, condoms, fl＇equeney of sexual intercourse, good sexual morality and knowledge of HIV transmission routes are important factors for the prevention of AIDS in- fection. Strengthening good sexual behaviors such as using condoms, redueing frequency of sexual inter- course and having a good sexual morality, and improving the knowledge of HIV transmission routes are cruci- al for the prevention and control of HIV infection.