吸烟对男性不育患者精子核蛋白成熟度的影响

Cigarette smoking decreases sperm nucleoprotein transition in infertile males

目的：探讨吸烟对男性不育患者精子核蛋白成熟度的影响及与精子活力的相关性。方法：对116例不吸烟和113例重度吸烟的男性不育患者（年龄25～50岁）进行精液质量和精子核蛋白成熟度检测。通过苯胺蓝染色法测定个体核蛋白组型转换率，并分析吸烟行为和精液常规参数与核蛋白成熟度的关系。吸烟状况由吸烟指数来表示。结果：弱精子症患者和少弱精子症患者的核蛋白组型转换异常率[（23．5±9．4）％、（28．2±9．2）％]显著高于精子活动力正常组[（19．0±9．0）％]（P均〈0．01）。精子活力正常组中吸烟者的蛋白组型转换异常率[（21．9±9．8）％]显著高于非烟者[（16．8±7．7）％]（P〈0．01），精子活力降低者亦如此[（26．0±9．9）％vs（22．7±8．8）％；P〈0．05）。结论：吸烟与精子活动率及存活率没有相关性，但能降低男性不育患者的精子核蛋白成熟度。

Objective ： To investigate the impact of cigarette smoking on sperm nucleoprotein transition and its association with sperm motility in infertile males. Methods： We examined the semen quality and sperm nucleoprotein transition of 116 non-smokers and 113 heavy smokers （aged 25 -50 years） who visited the Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology for male infertility. We determined the rate of individual sperm nucleoprotein transition by aniline blue staining and analyzed the correlation of cigarette smok- ing with routine semen parameters and the rate of sperm nucleoprotein transition. Based on the smoking index （SI） derived from smok- ing frequency （no. of cigarettes/d） multiplied by smoking duration （yr） , the men with SI = 0 were considered as non-smokers, and those with SI t〉 200 as heavy smokers. Results ： The rate of abnormal sperm nucleoprotein transition was significantly higher in the as- thenozoospermic （23.5 ± 9.4, P 〈 O. 01 ） and oligoasthenozoospermic （28.2 ±9.2, P 〈 O. 01 ） than in the normozoospermic males （19.0 ± 9.0）. Compared with the non-smokers, cigarette smoking remarkably reduced sperm nucleoprotein transition in both the men with normal sperm motility （21.9 ± 9.8 vs 16.8 ± 7.7, P 〈 0.01 ） and those with abnormal sperm motility （26.0 ± 9.9 vs 22.7 ± 8.8, P 〈 0.05）. A weak correlation was observed between the rate of sperm nucleoprotein transition and routine semen parameters. Con- clusion： Cigarette smoking is not significantly correlated with sperm motility but decreases sperm nucleoprotein transition in infertile males.