GHR基因F279Y位点突变对中国荷斯坦牛泌乳性状的影响

The effect of polymorphism F279Y of GHR gene on milk production trait in Chinese Holstein cattle

目的:研究中国荷斯坦牛生长激素受体(GHR)基因F279Y位点突变对产奶量及乳成份的影响。方法:以232头中国荷斯坦牛为研究材料,参照DHI生产性能测定方法采集产奶量和乳成份数据;采用单链构象多态性(PCR-SSCP)技术并结合测序确定基因型;用最小二乘法进行关联性分析。结果:中国荷斯坦牛GHR基因F279Y位点A、T等位基因频率分别为0.68和0.32,实验群体极显著偏离Hardy-Weinberg平衡(P<0.01);AA型305 d产奶量显著高于AT型(P<0.05),AT型305 d乳脂量、305 d乳蛋白量和305 d乳糖量在数值上有优于AA型的趋势;因此,等位基因A为高产奶量的优势基因,等位基因T对乳成份具有正效应。结论:GHR基因F279Y突变可作为遗传标记应用于中国荷斯坦牛泌乳性状的标记辅助选择(MAS)育种。

Objective： To study the effect of the polymorphism F279Y of the growth hormone receptor（GHR） gene on milk yield and composition in Chinese Holstein cattle. Methods： Hundred thirty two Chinese Holstein cattle were selected as study materials, according to DHI production performance method to get the data of milk yield and composition; PCR- SSCP and sequencing method were used to detect the genotypes; least square method was used to acquire correlation analysis. Results： Chinese Holstein cattle F279Y of GHR gene loci A and T allele frequency were 0.68 and 0.32, respectively, the experimental group significantly deviated from Hardy Weinberg equilibrium （ P 〈 0.01 ） ;305 d milk yield of AA genotype was significantly higher than AT type （ P 〈0.05）, 305 d milk fat yield, 305 d milk protein yield and 305 d lactose of AT type had better trend than those of AA type in numeric; Therefore, allele A was dominant gene of high milk yield, allele T has positive effect on milk composition. Conclusion： Mutation F279Y of GHR gene can be used as genetic markers in Chinese Holstein milk production traits of marker assisted selection （MAS） breeding.