贵州三个少数民族群体线粒体DNA多态性研究

Analysis of polymorphisms of mitochondrial DNA in 3 ethnic groups of Guizhou

目的研究贵州仡佬族、仫佬族、毛南族3个少数民族线粒体DNA的群体遗传特点。方法应用微测序法和限制性片段长度多态性方法对贵州3个少数民族线粒体DNA12个位点进行分析。结果在156名男性个体中共检出30个单倍型，单倍型H1、H23在仫佬族、毛南族的分布分别与仡佬族有差异差异，有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；单倍群M7在这三个民族间分布有差异，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；其中仫佬族、毛南族的分布分别与仡佬族之间差异有统计学意义（P〈O．05）。结论贵州仡佬族、仫佬族、毛南族3个少数民族线粒体DNA单倍型分布有较大相似性，但在某些单倍型分布上存在一定差异；单倍群数据分析显示这三个民族单倍群分布与南方民族相似，同时也具有本民族的特征。

Objective To analyze the population genetics characteristics of mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） in Gelao, Mulao, Maonan ethnic groups of Guizhou. Methods Minisequenceing and restriction fragment length polymorphism（RFLP） were used to analyze 12 single nucleotide polymorphism（SNPs） of mitochondrial DNA in the 3 ethnic groups. Results A total of 30 haplotypes were detected in 156 samples. The distribution of HI, H23 had differed between Mulao, Maonan with Gelao respectively, and so did M7 among the three ethnic groups. The difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Mulao, Maonan had differed with Gelao respectively and the difference was also statistically significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion There was great similarity in the distribution of the haplotypes of the mtDNA among the three ethnic groups, except for some difference in the distribution of certain haplotypes.