达马斯卡科层模式下公检法三机关之关系

On Three Authority Relations Under Damaska's Layer Mode

公正程序的应然要求是法律至上、法官至上,但渐进式的审判模式中决定了法官执行法律较依赖于侦查机关、公诉机关的侦查和取证工作。从我国1982年《宪法》和2012年《刑事诉讼法》的相关规定看,行使法律监督职能的检察机关地位显然要高于公安机关和审判机关。我国实行的人大领导下的"一府两院"制度决定了公安机关的地位和权力应该比法、检略低,但我国对实质正义的追求决定了"公安局长党政兼职"的强权优位做法。

Fair procedures require that the lawand the judge BE supreme,but the incremental trial modes decide the Judge should be dependent on the investigative authorities and the Public Prosecution Service for investigation and evidence. From the relevant provisions of the 1982 Constitution and the 2012 Code of Criminal Procedure,the procuratorial organs with legal supervision is clearly higher than the public security organs and judicial organs. The system of government and two courts under China's National People's Congress determines the status and powers of the public security organs,and our pursuit of real justice is similar with power excellent bit approach.