沼肥对大棚黄瓜农艺性状及产量的影响

Effect of Biogas Manure on Agronomic Traits and Yield of Cucumber in Plastic Greenhouse

以"津优3号"为试材,以沼渣作基肥,不同浓度的沼液为叶面追肥,研究了沼肥对大棚黄瓜农艺性状及产量的影响。结果表明:化肥和沼肥都能促进黄瓜生长发育,在株高、叶片数、茎粗、叶面积等方面均具有良好效果。处理Ⅳ沼液追肥浓度为70%时,导致个别叶面发黄;在单瓜重量方面,处理Ⅲ的单瓜重最重,分别比CK、处理Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ提高了86.09%、25.15%、17.58%和16.94%;瓜果畸形率方面,处理Ⅲ的畸形率最低,分别比CK、处理Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ降低了74.19%、56.52%、20.29%和28.98%,差异显著;在产量方面,处理Ⅲ分别比CK、处理Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ增产4 670、1 420、790、1 060kg;在人工管理等杂费不计的情况下,除去各组肥料的费用,处理Ⅲ分别比CK、处理Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ增加收入9 220、2 800、1 580、2 120元。沼渣作底肥、沼液追肥对黄瓜生长性能均有显著促进作用,其中使用50%沼液叶面追肥效果最好。

.Taking ＇Jinyou 3＇ cucumber as material, the effect of marsh fertilizer on agronomic characters and yield of cucumber in plastic greenhouse were studied with biogas residue as basal fertilizer, different concentrations of biogas slurry as topdressing on the leaves. The results showed that the fertilizers and marsh fertilizer could promote the growth of cucumber with a good effect on plant height,leaf number,stem diameter and leaf area etc. Treatment IV with 70% biogas slurry fertilizer concentration led to individual foliage yellowing. In terms of fruit quality, treatment ]]] was the heaviest,which was 86. 09%, 25. 15%, 17. 58% and 16.94% higher than CK, treatment Ⅱ , treatment ]L treatment IV respectively;in the aspect of melon deformity rate, treatment I]I was the minimum,and it was 74. 19 %, 56. 52~, 20. 29 %, 28. 98 % lower than CK, treatmentI, treatment[[, treatment hr. In the yield, treatment m was 4 670,1 420,790,1 060 kg higher than CK,treatmentI,treatment[[ and treatment IV. In the case of regardless of artificial management cost, remove the cost of fertilizer, the income of treatment []I was 9 220,2 800,1 580,2 120 yuan more than CK, treatmentI, treatment ]I and treatment IV. Biogas residue as basal fertilizer,biogas slurry topdressing played a significant role in promoting the growth on cucumber,and the effect of 50~ biogas slurry spraying topdressing on the leaves was the best.