陕西省苹果树腐烂病周年消长及分生孢子传播规律研究

Study on the conidia dispersal and the disease dynamics of apple tree canker caused by Valsa mali var.mali in Shaanxi

【目的】探索苹果树腐烂病流行规律及生产实践中有针对性的防治该病害。【方法】采用果园定点定期调查与分生孢子捕捉的方法,调查苹果树腐烂病周年消长动态及病斑周年扩展规律、分生孢子周年传播规律。【结果】苹果树腐烂病一年四季均可发病,每月调查都有新生病斑出现和老病斑的扩展,发病高峰期为11月、12月和翌年2月、3月,病斑扩展高峰期为3-5月。分生孢子在树冠高度以内周年均可传播扩散,传播高峰期为2-6月。【结论】根据调查结果,确定苹果树腐烂病的防治应该以预防为主,防治的关键时期应为6-9月。

[Objective]The objective of the study was to investigate the epidemic dynamics of the apple tree canker and to pertinently control this disease in apple orchard. [Method]The dynamics of the apple tree canker and the lesion year-round expansion dynamics were done at specific locations on schedule, and the conidia dispersal dynamics was studied by the method of conidia capture in orchards as well. [Result] The results demonstrated that the apple tree canker disease occurred in the whole year. The new scars and th expansion of old scars were observed every month. The peak period of disease appeared in November, December, February and March. The canker lesion expanded rapidly from March to May. Moreover, the conidia could disperse within the height of canopy in the whole year, and the peak spread period was from February to June. [Conclusion]Based on the results, the primary control methods should be the prevention. The time duration from June to September could be the critical period for the prevention and control of apple valsa canker.