判定苹果角质膜发育状况的苯胺蓝染色法的改良研究

Improvement of aniline blue staining to evaluate the cuticle development situation of apple fruit skin

【目的】快速有效的评价苹果果实表皮角质膜的发育质量状况。【方法】以不同品种苹果和不同产区富士苹果为试材,对装有苯胺蓝染液和苹果果实的干燥器进行抽真空渗透试验,通过染色后果实角质膜的染色级数判定角质膜发育质量。通过分析染色后染色级数与果实吸水量的相关性,以期用吸水量快速、客观的反映角质膜发育质量。并通过设定不同真空度和恢复正常大气压的时间,探讨了富士苹果染色试验方法的最佳条件。【结果】染色后果实吸水量与染色级数呈显著相关性,果实吸水量可以作为角质膜发育状况的指标。0.06 MPa真空度下,保持1 min,并且在1 min缓慢恢复正常大气压,可以作为染色的最佳条件。【结论】此方法可用于成熟期富士苹果的角质膜发育状况的快速评价。

[Objective] The objective of study was to evaluate the skin cuticle development quality of apple fruit effectively. [Method] Different cultivars and the eultivar of Fuji apples from different producing regions have been researched by aniline blue solution in the pressure desiccator through the vacuum test. According to the degree of staining, the quality of apple fruit cuticle was evaluated. With analyzing the correlation between dyeing index and water absorption, the aim was to use the water absorption to reflect the development quality of fruit cuticle objectively and quickly. The optimum condition for Fuji apple staining by setting different degree of vacuum and the time back to the pressure of atmosphere were researched. [Result] There was a significant correlation between the water absorption and the dyeing index, the water absorption could be the index which reflected the quality of fruit cuticle objectively and accurately. When the vacuum degree was at 0.06 MPa for lmin, about 1 min to outgassed, the dyeing index and water absorption had the best correlation, it could serve as the optimum condition for Fuji apple. [Conclusion]This method can be used for evaluating the development situation of fruit cuticle for maturing Fuji apple.