青少年手机依赖与依恋、社会支持的关系

The relationship between mobile phone dependence and attachment, social support among adolescents

目的 探讨青少年手机依赖以及与依恋、社会支持的关系.方法 采用分层取样法选取山东2所职业院校的900名在校学生,用亲密关系经历量表（ECR）中文版、社会支持量表和手机成瘾倾向调查问卷对其进行问卷调查.结果 手机依赖在性别、生源地、是否独生因素上均差异无统计学意义；中职生手机依赖得分[（45.84±12.64）分]显著高于高职生[（40.68±9.72）分],差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.01）；手机依赖与依恋焦虑呈正相关（r=0.469,P＜0.01）；社会支持与手机依赖呈负相关（r=0.149,P＜0.01）；依恋焦虑和社会支持对手机依赖有直接预测作用,社会支持在依恋与手机依赖之间起部分中介作用.结论 青少年学生中,手机依赖现象具有普遍性,中职生比高职生手机依赖行为严重；手机依赖与依恋、社会支持关系密切；依恋焦虑不仅与手机依赖直接相关,而且还通过社会支持间接影响手机依赖行为.

Objective To explore the relationships among mobile phone dependence and attachment,social support among adolescent students.Methods 900 students from two vocational colleges in Shandong province were recruited by stratified sampling.They were assessed with Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory （ECR） Chinese version,Social Support Rating Scale and Mobile Phone Addiction Tendency Questionnaire.Results There were no significant differences of adolescent students＇mobile phone dependence on gender,child status,and native place.The score of middle vocational school students＇mobile phone dependence （45.84 ± 12.64）was significantly higher than that of higher vocational college students （40.68 ± 9.72）,and there was significant difference between them （P 〈 0.01）.Mobile dependence was significantly positively related with attachment anxiety （r =0.469,P 〈 0.01）,and was significantly negatively related with social support （r =0.149,P 〈 0.01）.Attachment anxiety and social support were the direct predictors of mobile phone dependence,and social support played the partial mediating role between attachment anxiety and mobile phone dependence.Conclusions Mobile phone dependence is a common phenomenon among adolescent students,and the middle vocational school students＇ mobile phone dependence is more serious than that of the higher vocational college students.There are close relationships between mobile phone and attachment,social support.Attachment anxiety is not only directly but also indirectly associated with mobile phone dependence by social support.