人工湿地对病原微生物去除的研究进展

Removal of Pathogenic Microorganisms by Constructed Wetland:An Overview

水体微生物污染及其控制不容忽视,人工湿地技术能有效控制水体污染,但目前对其病原微生物的去除缺乏系统研究。因此,本文从环境卫生安全角度出发,讨论了水体的病原微生物种类及其指示微生物,综述了不同人工湿地类型对病原微生物的去除效果以及主要影响因素,如植物、基质和操作运行参数条件;同时,从截留和消除两个方面探讨了病原微生物在人工湿地中的归宿,分析了病原微生物被人工湿地截留的过滤和吸附机理及其影响因素,讨论了影响病原微生物被人工湿地消除的非生物因素和生物因素;最后,对人工湿地病原微生物去除研究进行了展望。

Pollution and control of pathogenic in surface water of China should be paid more attention because river quality is assessed mainly by physic-chemical parameters at present. Though constructed wetland is a widely used ecological technology for controlling water pollution, there is a missing gap between removal and fate of pathogen in the constructed wetland. Therefore the purpose of this study is to summarize the state art of removing pathogenic microorganisms by the constructed wetland through literature review. Firstly, this paper briefly introduced the species of pathogenic and indicator microorganisms in the polluted water. Secondly, the removal performances of pathogen by different constructed wetlands were compared and summarized, including factors of pathogen removal such as plants, substrate and operation parameters. Meanwhile the fate of pathogenic microorganisms in the constructed wetland was discussed from the view point of interception and inactivation, e.g. the mechanism and factors of interception caused by adsorption and filtration, abiotic and biotic factors of inactivation. Finally the trends are proposed to promote pathogen removal by the constructed wetland in the near future.