绍兴市中小企业职工职业卫生知识认知及需求状况

Awareness and Demand of Occupational Health Knowledge of Workers in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Shaoxing

[目的]了解绍兴市中小企业职工对职业卫生知识的认知与需求情况,为进一步开展企业健康教育提供依据。[方法]采用整群抽样的方法抽取该市3家企业部分车间835名职工,用自行设计的调查表,以调查问卷的方式进行职业卫生相关问题调查。[结果]收回有效表格786份,回收率94.13%。786名调查对象职业卫生知识总知晓率78.54%,其中职业卫生法规知识知晓率82.27%,职业病防治知识知晓率74.81%;机械、化工、纺织行业职工的职业卫生知识知晓率分别为83.21%,79.27%和72.80%;97.58%的职工有职业健康教育需求;企业有组织的健康教育需求率最高,其中发放读本、在厂区张贴宣传资料的方法是中小企业广大职工最乐于接受的健康教育方式。[结论]绍兴市中小企业职工对职业卫生知识有一定的知晓率,对职业健康教育需求较高,应继续推行企业健康促进,加强企业职业健康教育工作。

[ Objective ] To understand the awareness and demand of occupational health knowledge among workers of small and medium-sized enterprises and provide evidence for health education program building in similar enterprises. [ Methods ] Cluster sampling method was used to select 835 workers from 3 enterprises. A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted to collect information on occupational health related issues. [ Results ] A total of 786 questionnaires were valid, and the recovery rate was 94.13%. The total awareness rate of occupational health knowledge was 78.54%, including 82.27% for laws and regulations of occupational health, 74.81% for occupational disease prevention. The awareness rate of occupation health knowledge among workers in selected machinery, chemical, and textile industries were 83.21%, 79.27%, and 72.80%, respectively. Moreover, 97,58% of the workers expressed demands for occupational health education. Distribution of brochures and posting relevant educational materials at workplaces were the most favorable option to the selected workers. [ Conclusion ] A high level of awareness and demand of occupational health knowledge are identified in the investigated workers in small and medium-sized enterprises. Therefore, occupational health promotion and education should continue.