基于径流曲线数模型的江淮丘陵区塘坝复蓄次数计算模型

Computational model of pond re-storage times in Jianghuai hilly area based on SCS model

针对江淮丘陵区塘坝体系复蓄次数计算问题的重要性与复杂性,提出运用SCS模型处理塘坝灌区无资料水文模拟计算问题,构建了塘坝灌区降雨径流模拟模型,并依据Penman-Monteith公式计算了各典型作物的需水量,进而实现了对江淮丘陵区塘坝灌溉系统的水量平衡分析,合理地推算了塘坝系统复蓄次数,找出塘坝灌区现状灌溉体系中存在的问题,可为江淮丘陵区塘坝工程规划、种植结构调整以及灌溉制度的确定提供理论支撑,具有明显的实际指导意义和重要的推广应用价值。

Pond re-storage times refers to the ratio of effective utilization of water and pond capacity, and is one of the important characteristic values reflecting the water supply capacity of a pond. It is the important parameters indicating water supply estimates and capacity determination of a pond. It has great guiding significance for regional pond planning and regulation of water resources in irrigation. At present, domestic and foreign scholars have carried out considerable research work on rainwater utilization, but fewer relevant outcomes have been projected on pond re-storage times in a hilly region. A pond in a hilly region has the features that small-scale projects monomer pond, a small amount of water, its water storage capacity is small, and its controlled irrigation area is small, but the distribution is wide, with a large number of groups, groups of large capacity, and so on. For this type of small water storage facilities, generally not hydrology and runoff observation points, there are almost no measured hydrological and runoff observations, and this has caused great difficulties for hydrological calculations. Predictions in ungauged basins （PUB） has been the focus of hydrology research and one of the difficult problems, and has been a widespread concern of scholars at home and abroad. A SCS model was the design flood of a small watershed model that was presented by United States Department of agriculture soil conservation service in the 1950s. It has the features that make the calculation process simple, with fewer required parameters of data readily available, especially for areas without data or lack of data. That has been widely used in various hydrologic problems, such as river engineering planning, soil and water conservation, flood control, city hydrology, and in ungaged basins, and achieved good results. On this basis, the pond irrigation area of Jianghuai Hilly as an example was selected, with hydrological simulation without any data of the pond irrigation district was resolved by the SCS model, and a rainfall runoff simulation model of the pond irrigation district was built. The typical crop water requirement was calculated by the Penman-Monteith formula. Then a waterbalance analysis of the pond irrigation system was achieved, and pond re-storage times were reasonably projected. And problems that existed in the present situation of the pond irrigation system were found. These can provide theoretical support for pond engineering planning, adjustment of planting structure, and determination of the needed irrigation system in a hilly region, and have obvious practical guiding significance and important value for popularization and application.