我国中职教育投资体制的历史变迁与现实观照

Historical Changes and Present Status of Investment System for Secondary Vocational Education in China

1949年以来,我国中职教育经历了从免费到收费、从补贴到近于回归免费等政策变迁历程,政府投资层级逐渐下移,逐步形成了多元化投资体制。在新的经济社会发展时期,中职教育投资表现出政府投入总量不足、比例偏低以及不同区域间投入不平衡等现象,以及社会投入规模较小、个人投资热情不高等问题。进一步完善中职教育投资体制,需要提升政府投入级别,扩大政府投入总量,积极鼓励和广泛吸引社会资本投入中职教育,并适度减免中职教育学习者的投入。

The secondary vocational education in China has experienced a series of policy transformation from free to charging fees and from subsidy to nearly free of charge since 1949.In the new period,the secondary vocational education still faced with some problems in investment such as the insufficient input,the lower input ratio,the imbalance between different regions as well as the smaller scale of social investment and less enthusiasm of individual.To further improve the secondary vocational education investment system,the level of governmental investor should be promoted,the amount of governmental inputs should be expanded,the way to attract social capital to invest in secondary vocational education should be encouraged,and the amount of investment from individuals should be reduced.