“A不AB”与“AB不A”两种反复问句的统一处理及相关的句法问题

A unified account for 'A-not-AB' and 'AB-not-A"questions and some related syntactic issues

汉语中各类反复问句均为通过"正反重叠"这一操作程序核销疑问特征造成的结果。我们认为,"A不AB"与"AB不A"虽表面上看似两类反复问句,但其基础形式实际上同为一类,生成过程也高度一致。两类反复问句本质上的高度一致性要求我们采用统一的分析方案对其生成过程进行处理。在对各类反复问句的处理上,我们认为应该是"合",而不是"分"。反复问句家族中各小类间的差异都可以解释为(1)相关疑问句式除了执行"正反重叠"操作外是否还额外执行了"删除"操作以及(2)重叠和删除两类操作程序受制于不同的限制条件。

Different types of A-not-A questions in Chinese are all generated through the mechanism of A-not-A reduplication so as to check the question feature of a sentence.It is argued in this paper that,although A-not-AB and AB-not-A seem to be two types independent from A-not-A questions,they share the same base form and similar mechanism and process of generation,and what they have in common call for a unified account rather than for two independent approaches.It is shown that their differences can be recast and can be accounted for through the following:(1) the formation of the question type concerned involves deletion in addition to reduplication;and(2)the operation of reduplication and that of deletion are subject to different constraints.