大型石油储备基地的雷电危害及防护措施

Lightening hazards in large-scale petroleum reserve tankfarm and protective measures

在大型石油储备基地上空发生雷击时,会因放电而产生一个瞬间冲击电压,若无良好的安全装置将电流导出或消除,则可能导致雷电灾害。根据储油基地功能的不同,将其划分为行政管理区、辅助生产区、油品装卸区及库外管道、储罐区4大区域,并据此提出了有效的雷电防护消减措施,主要涵盖了直击雷、感应雷、雷电波、电磁脉冲等,可为石油储备基地安全生产提供参考。(图1,参7)

When lightening occurs above a large-scale petroleum reserve tankfarm,an instantaneous surge of voltage will be created due to discharging.If good safety device is absent in deriving or eliminating the current,lightening hazards will be produced.According to the specific functions of large-scale petroleum reserve tankfarm designed,it can be divided into four areas,including administrative area,supplementary production area,oil product loading/unloading area and outside pipeline/tankfarm area.Accordingly,the effective measures for protection and prevention against lightening are proposed,mainly covering direct lightening strike,induction lightening,lightening wave and electromagnetic impulse,providing a reference to the safety production in large-scale petroleum reserve tankfarm.