药用植物萜类生物合成HMGR基因研究进展

Advances in studies on 3-hydroxy-3-metllylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase in terpenoids biosynthesis of medicinal plants

药用植物中萜类次生代谢产物种类丰富,数量巨大,其现代药理活性相当突出。3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A还原酶(3-hydroxy-3-metllylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase,HMGR)作为萜类成分甲羟戊酸(MVA)合成途径上第一个重要限速酶,对药用植物萜类活性成分生物合成过程起着至关重要的作用。文章系统综述了HMGR的生物学意义、催化机制,HMGR克隆情况、基因结构、以及在重要药用植物丹参、甘草、红豆杉等中的研究进展。

There exists many kinds and a huge number of terpenoid in medicinal plants, which show a wide range of pharma- cological activities. 3-Hydroxy-3-metllylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase（HMGR） is a key rate-limiting enzyme in terpenoid biosynthetic pathway. HMGR plays an important role in the regulation of secondary metabolism of the terpenoid. The paper summarized the biologi- cal function and the catalytic mechanism of HMGR, the cloning and the structure of the gene as well as its research progress in some medicinal plants.