河南栾川蝙蝠洞洞穴遗址考古调查简报

Archaeological Survey of the Site in the Bat Cave in Luanchuan，Henan

2010年1月和6月,考古工作者对河南栾川县蝙蝠洞旧石器时代洞穴遗址进行考古调查,获得古人类牙化石1枚、旧石器时代石制品8件,还发现大量动物化石,共计62种。初步分析人类化石与智人相似。石制品类型有石核、石片、刮削器等。与人类化石和石制品同生层位的动物群显示其时代应为晚更新世早期。蝙蝠洞,是河南发现的第一个含古人类化石的洞穴遗址,由此填补中原地区未在洞穴中发现古人类的空白。人牙化石解剖结构具有现代人特征,对研究中国古人类演化和现代中国人起源具有重要的学术价值。

A large quantity of artefacts and faunal remains were recovered during the survey of the Bianfudang Cave site in Lunachuan County, Henan Province. This survey took place during January to June, 2010. The artefacts recovered include eight Palaeolithic stone tools, while the human and animal remains comprise one human tooth and a significant number of faunal fossils. From this fau-nal assemblage, 62 animal taxa were identified, including primates and other animal species. The human tooth was tentatively referred to Homo sapiens. The stone tools include cores, flakes, scraper and other types. The fauna were recovered in the same layers as the hu-man fossil and artefacts. The faunal composition indicates that these animals belonged to the early Late Pleistocene. The human tooth excavated from the Palaeolithic Bianfudong Cave site is the first ancient human remains to be recovered from cave sites in Henan Prov-ince, thus filling the gap in human fossils recovered from cave sites in Henan. The human tooth recovered from the cave displays the anatomic characteristics of modem humans. It is quite valuable for the study of human evolution in China and the origins of the Chi-nese nation.