川产川芎挥发性组分的气相色谱-质谱联用比较分析

Research in the Comparison of the Component Analysis of the essential oil in Rhizoma Chuanxiong from Sichuan Using GC-MS Technology

目的探究四川不同产地间川芎挥发性组分的异同。方法采用溶剂-超声萃取法提取川芎新鲜根茎中挥发油,利用GC-MS技术分析不同产地川芎的挥发性组分。结果从5个产地15个样品中共检测出47种成分,并检测出有Z-藁本内酯和E-藁本内酯两种构型;5个产地15个样品中共有成分12种;川芎个体之间的挥发性组成分存在差异,尤其是不同产地样品间的挥发性成分组成和比例差异较大,但同一产地样品间的主要成分3-丁基-环戊二烯羧酸乙酯A、Z-藁本内酯、E-藁本内酯的相对含量比较接近;从Z-藁本内酯的含量来看,以川芎道地产区——都江堰石羊镇的样品相对含量最高,眉山义和乡次之,眉山修文镇再次。结论道地产区川芎的挥发性成分个体间差异较小,相似性较好,与非道地产区相似性较低;分析药材前物质是探究道地性的有效方法。

Objective To research the similarities and differences of volatile components of Chuanxiong from different growing ar- eas in Sichuan. Methods Solvent ultrasonic extraction process; GC - MS technique. Results 47 ingredients from 15 samples growing in 5 areas were detected, including 2 types of ligustilide. There were 12 mutual constituents from 15 samples from 5 growing areas. In addition, some different volatile components among those samples, especially in different growing areas, But the relative amounts of main components are similar such as （ 3 - butenyl ） ester of cyclopent - 2 - en - 1 - ylidene - carboxylic acid A, （Z） - ligustilide, （E） - ligustilide of Chuanxiong from same growing areas. The highest relative average content of （Z） - ligustilide was found in sample from Shiyang town, Dujiangyang city - a genuine producing area of Chuanxiong--followed by Yihe village and Xiuwen village in Meishan city. Conclusion Samples from genuine producing area have little changes in types of chemical constituent and high similarity among different samples compared with samples from other growing areas. It is an effectual method to explore geo - berbalism of traditional Chinese medicine by analyzing pre - crude drugs substance.