摘要
Pulsed discharges can generate high power densities and high equivalent electric fields in plasma to emit X-rays,which is closely related to discharge mechanism.In this paper,discharge characteristics and X-ray emission of typical nanosecond-pulse discharges(corona,diffuse,spark or arc)are reviewed.Especially,the diffuse discharges are observed at pulse repetition frequencies up to 1 kHz.Factors influencing the discharge characteristics and X-ray emission are analyzed,such as the gap spacing,parameters of the applied pulse(amplitude,pulse repetition frequency),anode and cathode materials,and curvature radius of cathode.It is concluded that the maximum X-ray intensity is obtained in a diffuse discharge,and the X-ray intensity is affected by the pulse repetition frequency,applied voltage,anode material,and curvature radius of cathode.For example,X-ray intensity increases with the pulse repetition frequency and the atomic numbers of the anode material,but it decrease with the increase of curvature radius.It is also shown that the cathode material has no obvious influence on the X-ray intensity.
Pulsed discharges can generate high power densities and high equivalent eleclric fields in plasma to emit X-rays, which is closely related to discharge mechanism. In this paper, discharge characteristics and X-ray emission of typical nanosecond-pulse discharges （corona, diffuse, spark or arc） are reviewed. Especially, the diffuse discharges are observed at pulse repetition frequencies up to 1 kHz. Factors in- fluencing the discharge characteristics and X-ray emission are analyzed, such as the gap spacing, parameters of the applied pulse （amplitude, pulse repetition frequency）, anode and cathode materials, and curvature radius of cathode. It is concluded that the maximum X-ray intensity is obtained in a diffuse discharge, and the X-ray intensity is affected by the pulse repetition frequency, applied voltage, anode material, and curvature radius of cathode. For example, X-ray intensity increases with the pulse repetition frequency and the atomic numbers of the anode material, but it decrease with the increase of curvature radius. It is also shown that the cathode material has no obvious influence on the X-ray intensity.
出处
《高电压技术》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第9期2095-2104,共10页
High Voltage Engineering
基金
Project supported by National NatumA Science Foundation of China（51207154, 51222701, 51211120183）, National Basic Research Program of China（973 Program） （2011 CB209402）, Opening Project of State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment in Xi＇an Jiaotong University（EIPE12204）, Chinese Academy of Sciences Visiting Professorship for Senior Intemational Scientists（2012T1G0021）, Russian Foundation for Basic Research（#12-08-91150-FqbEH_a）.
关键词
X射线发射
脉冲放电
大气压力
纳秒
脉冲重复频率
射线强度
阴极材料
曲率半径
nanosecond pulses
atmospheric pressure
X-rays
runaway electrons
diffuse discharge
pulse repetition frequency
anode and cathode material
curvature radius
