留守初中生的社会支持与心理韧性的关系

The Relationship between Social Supports and Resilience of Junior Left-behind Students

目的探讨留守儿童社会支持状况,考察留守儿童的社会支持与心理韧性之间的联系,为促进留守儿童的心理健康提供借鉴。方法采用《心理韧性量表》和自编的《中学生社会支持调查表》对安徽省蚌埠市某农村中学初中3个年级253名留守学生进行了调查。结果①各年级留守学生的心理韧性得分在116～130之间,处于中等偏低水平;②留守学生最希望得到父母的心理支持,被试获得的社会支持中父母支持>学校支持>亲戚支持>网友支持(P<0.05);③父母支持、学校支持及亲戚支持与心理韧性得分间皆有显著正相关(r=0.47,0.36,0.32;P<0.01);④留守女生比男生更擅长向身边人求助和倾诉,对支持的利用度高于男生;⑤与父母联系频率不同的留守学生的心理韧性得分有显著差异(F=7.70,P<0.05),与父母联系的频率越高,其心理韧性的得分也越高。结论父母及学校的心理支持对留守儿童心理韧性的发展起到良好的推动作用。

Objective To explore the status of social support about left-behind children and its relationship with resilience,and provide reference for improving left-behind children＇s mental health. Methods A total of 253 left-behind students were surveyed by Resilience Scale and social support questionnaire in Bengbu city. Results ①The resilience scores of left-behind students located between 116 and 130,and was in a middle-low level②Left-behind students were eager to get their parents＇ supports most during all kinds of social supports,the rank of the social supports got by left-behind students was：Parents supports〉school supports〉rela- tire supports〉net friend supports （P〈0.05）. ③Left-behind students＇ parents support,school support and relative support were significantly related to resilience （r= 0. 47,0. 36,0. 32 ;P〈0. 01 ）④Female students of left-behind students were skilled in talking and seeking help from people around than the male students,their utilization of support is better than male students;⑤there were significant differences of left-behind students＇ resilience scores among different contact frequency with their parents（F= 7.70,〈0. 05）. Conclusion Parents support and school support are tightly connected to left-behind students＇ resilience.