资源枯竭城市转型成效测度研究

The Effect of Resource-Exhausted City Transformation

资源枯竭城市转型是当前中国国家转型的一个重要组成部分。在经历了改革开放、东北老工业基地振兴以及近5年国家针对资源枯竭城市大规模援助的发展形势下,资源枯竭城市转型发展的成效如何?本文试图从资源枯竭城市转型的静态和动态两个视角,构建资源枯竭城市转型成效测度体系,测算2006-2010年各资源枯竭城市的转型成效,并分析各城市转型成效差异的原因。研究发现:通过从产业、民生、生态环境3个维度综合评估城市转型过程和转型后达到的状态等指标,可以将城市转型发展的成绩与其由于周边区域发展所取得的共同成绩分离出来,较为有效的测度资源枯竭城市的转型成效;中部城市转型成效相对较好,而东北地区城市转型相对较差;石油类城市转型成效较好,而森工类城市转型成效较差;各城市转型成效的差异与其外部经济环境、内部历史矛盾的积累深度以及发展基础有较大关系。

Currently,geographic studies focus on the definition or transformation strategy of resource-based cities,and not on the transformation effectiveness.Important questions remain： after state aid for five years,are resource-exhausted cities still troubled by path-dependent development？ Are they still locked from their old path？ What is their transformation effort？ And how effective have these efforts been？ Here,we build a system to measure the effectiveness of resource-exhausted city transformation in the last five years from static and dynamic perspective.We used city industry development data,people＇s livelihood and ecological environment.We found that you can successfully separate the performance of resource-exhausted city transformation from the normal development performance of the region.Central Chinese cities are relatively successful as a result of a superior transformational foundation,while cities in northeastern China are worse due to heavy historical burdens.The transformational effect of petroleum cities and forest cities is better than for other cities.Jiaozuo,Panjin,Shizuishan and Tonglin have comprehensive good transformation and they have a high integrate rank within their provinces.From the view of segmental evaluation analysis,economic support,especially non-resource-based industry support,is an important factor that enhances transformation.Ecological transformation has the worst effectiveness compared with economic and social transformation and land subsidence is the most serious problem.