社会资本对农户生态补偿参与意愿的影响——以甘肃省张掖市、甘南藏族自治州、临夏回族自治州为例

Social Capital and Farmer Willingness to Participate in Ecological Compensation for Three Sites in Gansu

生态补偿是促进生态环境保护的一种经济激励手段,农户是否愿意参与生态补偿项目,不仅影响生态补偿项目的绩效,更影响生态补偿项目的可持续性。本文以甘肃省的张掖市、甘南藏族自治州和临夏回族自治州为研究区,基于农户调查资料,采用二元Logistic回归模型分析了社会资本对农户生态补偿参与意愿的影响。结果表明:①临夏州社会网络指数最高(1.624),张掖市次之(1.328),甘南州最低(1.196);临夏州规范指数最高(2.345),甘南州次之(2.300),张掖市最低(1.635);张掖市信任指数最高(2.532),甘南州次之(2.487),临夏州最低(1.716);②甘南藏族自治州农户生态补偿参与意愿最高,其次是临夏回族自治州,最低的是张掖;③农户社会资本的网络、规范、信任维度均对生态补偿参与意愿有显著的正向影响;④农户受教育程度、收入和劳动力数量每提高1个单位,参与生态补偿的概率分别提高4.098、2.395、1.307个单位;但户主年龄、农户拥有的草地、耕地面积每提高1个单位,参与生态补偿的概率将分别降低1.017、2.022、2.281个单位。

Ecological compensation is an economic incentive to protect the ecological environment.Farmer willingness to participate in ecological compensation directly affects the efficiency and sustainability of these programs.Farmer willingness is affected by the ecological compensation standard,compensation mode,ecological perceptions and social capital.Of these,social capital has emerged in recent studies as a very important factor.In this paper,Linxia,Gannan and Zhangye were selected as focal sites where we conducted household surveys.We found that Linxia had the highest social network index of 1.624;Zhangye＇s index was 1.328 and Gannazhou was 1.196.The highest specification index was Linxia at 2.345,then Gannan at 2.300 and Zhangye at 1.635.The highest trust index was measured in Zhangye（2.532）,followed by Gannan（2.487） and Linxia（1.716）.The highest willingness to participate in ecological compensation was measured from Gannan,followed by Linxia,then Zhangye.Farmer social capital factors such as the trust index,index of network and the standard index positively impact farmer willingness to participate in ecological compensation.Farmer education,income,family labor force also positively influence their willingness to participate in ecological compensation;however,age,grass area and cultivated land area negatively influence farmer willingness to participate.