非农就业对农户碳排放行为的影响研究——来自辽宁省辽中县的证据

The Impact of Off-Farm Employment on the Agricultural Carbon Emission Behavior of Farmers

随着非农就业的增加,兼业和土地流转现象普遍存在,这将不可避免地影响农户的能源消耗、化肥施用等农业碳排放行为。本文基于辽宁省辽中县稻农的调研数据,建立Ordered probit模型,实证研究了非农就业对农户农业碳排放行为的影响。结果表明,兼业将促进稻农的高碳生产行为,提高地块集中程度有利于稻农采取低碳生产行为,扩大种植规模将提高稻农的农业碳密度,但考虑规模经济对单产的影响,扩大种植规模可能降低农业碳成本。在此基础上,本文提出了促进农户低碳生产行为的政策建议,包括促进兼业农户分化,推进适度规模经营和减小土地细碎化程度等。

The development of the rural economy and an increase in off-farm employment opportunities inevitably affect farmer agricultural carbon emission behavior.To explore the relationship between rural off-farm employment and farmer agricultural carbon emission behavior,we conducted a field investigation of 108 rice farmers in Liaozhong County,Liaoning.After descriptive statistical analyses,we conducted an econometric analysis using the ordered probit model.The results indicate that farmer concurrent operations on agricultural production promote high-carbon agricultural production behavior.Expanding the rural land scale of operation would raise the density of agricultural carbon emissions,whereas considering the impact of economies of scale,the cost of agricultural carbon emissions would decrease.Based on these findings we make a series of policy suggestions,including promoting the differentiation of concurrent operation farmers to overcome high-carbon agricultural production behavior,propelling farmer agricultural production at a moderate scale,and reducing the degree of rural land fragmentation.