论小学生的数据分析观念与统计内容的编排

Primary School Students' Awareness of Data Analysis and the Arrangement of Statistics Knowledge

统计知识的教学在21世纪的数学课程改革中得到了重视和加强,发展学生的数据分析观念则是统计教学的核心目标。小学生数据分析观念的内涵主要表现在三个方面:经历统计的过程,体会数据中蕴含着信息;认识数据分析方法的特点;初步理解数据的随机性。小学数学教材统计内容的编排应从发展学生的数据分析观念出发,注重数据分析的过程,突出数据分析的意义,体现数据分析的方法,凸显数据的随机性和加强知识间的横向联系。

The teaching of statistics is emphasized in the 21^th century curriculum reform of math. The goal of teaching statistics is to develop students ＇ awareness of data analysis. There are three purposes of teaching primary students the knowledge of data analysis. First, by learning statistics, students could learn to decode the message contained in the data. Second, students could learn the features of data analysis methods. Third, students could experience the randomness of data. The statistics knowledge in primary school math textbooks should help students develop their awareness of data analysis, highlight the process, meaning and method of data analysis, present the randomness of data and the interrelation of knowledge.