天然及改性膨润土在磷污染水体净化中的应用

Application of natural and modified bentonite in phosphate-polluted water purification treatment

膨润土应用于磷污染水体净化处理的研究越来越受到关注,天然膨润土对含磷废水虽有一定的处理效果,但仍需进一步改性提高其对磷的吸附性能。膨润土的改性方法主要包括物理改性和化学改性,物理改性的核心工艺是采用加热的方法,按照导热方式可分为焙烧和微波加热;化学改性主要可以归结为钠化、酸改性、柱撑、有机改性等。物理改性工艺相对简单,化学改性效率高且在实际生产中应用较多,但目前仅仅凭借单因素改性作用尚难以满足环境应用领域对膨润土物化性能的要求。因此,深入系统地研究膨润土的基本性能,揭示膨润土吸附磷污染水体的净化机理,提出进一步提高膨润土材料净化性能的改性工艺,将有利于进一步扩大其应用领域。

Application of bentonitein phosphate-polluted water purification treatment was paid more and more attention. Although natural bentonite has certain treatment effect on phosphate wastewater, but still need to he further modified to improve its adsorption capacity. Bentonite modification methods include physical modification and chemical modification. The core of physical modificationis heating, including roasting and microwave heating. Chemical modification has many methods,which can mainly be attributed to Na modification, acidmodification, pillaring, inorganic modification and organic modification. The physical modification is characterized by simplified technology,and chemical modification has its own characteristic of high efficiency and has more application than the former. While just with only one modification method,it is difficult to meet the requirements of practical application for environmental field. Consequently,a deep and systematic research should be carried out to improve the basic properties of bentonite,which could reveal the decontamination mechanism of the environmental minerals, and will be conducive to further expand its application field.