大麦亲本材料SSR标记遗传多样性及群体结构分析

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure in Barley Parent Materials Using SSR Markers

为探明我国大麦亲本材料的遗传背景和群体结构特点，提高大麦种质材料的利用效率，选用50对多态性好的SSR引物对63份大麦亲本材料进行遗传多样性和群体结构分析。结果表明，50对引物共检测到119个等位变异，平均每个位点的等位变异数为2.38个，变异范围为2~5；平均有效等位变异数为1.75，有效等位变异所占比重为74.16%；Shannon’s信息指数和多态信息含量（PIC）的变幅分别为0.082~1.383和0.031~0.701，平均为0.59和0.308。遗传相似系数（GS）变异范围为0.652~0.990，聚类分析表明63个大麦亲本材料在GS值为0.694水平上聚为3个大类，基于数学模型的群体结构可分为4个亚群。本研究涉及的大部分材料亲缘关系较近，需要引入新种质来拓展亲本的遗传基础。

In order to provide useful information for appropriate selection of parents in breeding program and improve the utilization efficiency of barley germplasm resources, the diversity and population structure of barley parent materials were determined using SSR markers. A total of 50 SSR markers were screened among parent materials. The results were as follows： 119 alleles were found among 63 materials with the average alleles per locus of 2.38, which varied from 2 to 5; the average effective alleles were 1.75, and 74.16% were effective alleles for diversity;Shannon index ranged from 0.082 to 1.383, with an average of 0.59, and the polymorphism information content （PIC） value ranged from 0.031 to 0.701, with an average of 0.308. The genetic similarity ranged from 0.652 to 0.990, 63 varieties were divided into three groups in UPGMA dendrogram at the genetic similarity coefficient level of 0.694 while four subgroups based on population structure. The clustering result revealed that the closer sibship existed in most of these materials, therefore, the introduction of foreign resources should be reinforced, and the various resources should be utilized in the future barley breeding.