小组社会工作对改善精神疾病患者孤独感的效果

Effects of Group Social Work on Loneliness in Psychiatric Patients

目的探讨小组社会工作对改善精神疾病患者孤独感的效果。方法根据ICD-10精神障碍的诊断标准,选取入住我院的精神疾病患者并通过状态与特质孤独量表(STLS)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)、自尊量表(SES)及面谈筛选,选取有一定程度孤独感的患者共84人,随机分为实验组(n=42)和对照组(n=42),实验组在常规药物治疗同时接受10次小组社会工作团体辅导,对照组仅接受常规药物治疗。小组社会工作前后采用STLS、PSSS、SES对实验组和对照组进行测量,实验组在小组社会工作结束后用自编的问卷进行调查。结果小组社会工作后,实验组和对照组SES有一定程度的提高,实验组与对照组相比,差异显著(t=0.8.840,P<0.001),PSSS亦如此(t=3.727,P<0.01)。在STLS降低幅度上,实验组和对照组差异显著(t=-3.753,P<0.01)。实验组对小组社会工作有较多正向评价。结论通过小组社会工作的方式可以增加患者的社会支持感和自尊感,短期内对改善精神疾病患者孤独感有积极作用。

Objective To study the effects of group social work on loneliness in psychiatric patients. Methods According to the ICD-10 mental disorder diagnosis standard,by convenience sampling,interview screening and control study methods, 84 psychi- atric patients with loneliness were selected and assigned into experiment group （n= 42） and control group （n = 42）. The experiment group was intervened with group social work for 10 times besides routine drug treatment ,The control group was not intervened ex cept routine drug treatment. The subjects were assessed with STLS,PSSS and SES before find after group social work. After group social work the experiment group was assessed with self made questionnaire. Results After group social work,the score of SES in the experiment group was significantly higher than that in the control gi＂oup（t= 0. 8. 840,P〈0.01）,The same as the score of PSSS （t = 3. 727 ,P〈0.01）. There was significant difference between experiment group and control group in reduction of STLS （t = 3. 753,P〈0.01）. The experiment group had positive attitude to group social work. Conclusion It suggests that the group so- cial work can increase the sense of social support and has obvious effects on loneliness among psychiatric patients in short time.