农村大四毕业生社会支持与抑郁的关系:焦虑的中介作用

Mediation Effect of Anxiety on the Relationship between Social Support and Depression of College Seniors from Countryside

目的考察农村大四毕业生的焦虑和抑郁水平,及焦虑在社会支持与抑郁间的作用。方法整群随机从全国9所大学中抽取635名农村大四毕业生,采用焦虑自评量表(SAS),抑郁自评量表(SDS),社会支持量表(SSRS)进行调查。结果①22.7%大四毕业生具有焦虑问题,38.1%大四毕业生具有抑郁问题;②社会支持总分及各维度(客观支持、主观支持、支持利用度)均与焦虑总分存在显著负相关(r=-0.326,-0.214,-0.292,-0.228;P<0.01);社会支持总分及各维度均与抑郁总分存在显著负相关(r=-0.304,-0.189,-0.270,-0.233;P<0.01);焦虑总分和抑郁总分存在显著正相关(r=0.673,P<0.01);③焦虑在社会支持总分及各维度与抑郁间中介作用显著。结论在农村大四毕业生中焦虑和抑郁问题较为严重,焦虑在社会支持与抑郁间起着部分中介作用。

Objective To investigate the levels of anxiety and depression of college seniors from countryside, and the mediation effect of anxiety on the relation between social support and depression. Methods A total of 635 college seniors from countryside were selected from 9 colleges by cluster random sampling. They were assessed with Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS）,Zung Self--rating Depression Scale（SDS）and Social Support Rate Scale （SSRS）. Results ①About 22.7% of college seniors had anx- ious problem and 38. 1 % of college seniors had depressive problem.②There were significantly negative correlations between the to- tal score of social support, objective support, subjective support, support availability, and anxiety （r =-0. 326,-0. 214,-0. 292, -0. 228 ;P〈0.01） ,and so significantly negative correlations between them and depression （r=-0. 304 ,-0. 189,-0. 270,-0. 233;P〈0.01 ）. Anxiety was positively correlated with depression （r= 0.673 ,P〈0.01）.③There were significant mediation effect of anxiety on the relation between social and depression. Conclusion The anxious and depressive problem are serious among college seniors from countryside. Anxiety mediates the relation between social support and depression.