基本药物制度的建立对试点机构门诊药费的作用

Impacts of Establishing Essential Medicine System on Outpatient Medicine Expense of Pilot Institutions

目的:利用处方数据,根据建立基本药物制度这一政策变化来研究基本药物制度的实施对门诊药费的影响。方法:使用"双差法"对18个省的基本药物试点机构的门诊处方进行分析。结果:基本药物制度使得门诊药费降低了20.3个百分点,其中低费用段、中等费用段和高费用段降低的金额大约是3.53元、3.98元和8.59元,而且这一结果非常稳健。这一正向作用对平均门诊药费的刺激效果在一般乡镇卫生院更为显著,与省城社区卫生服务中心相比费用下降了76.1%。结论:基本药物制度的实施使门诊处方药费明显下降,减轻了患者的经济和健康负担。

Objective： According to the policy changes of establishing Essential Medicine System, using prescription data to analyze impacts of implementing essential medicines system on the outpatient medicine expense. Methods： Using ＂difference in difference＂ to analyze outpatient prescription of implementing essential medicine pilot among 18 provinces. Results： The Essential Medicines System decreased expenses per outpatient visit by 20.30%, and low-cost, medium cost and high cost decreased about RMB 3.53, 3.98 and 8.59. The result was very stable. This positive stimulation effects of average outpatient medicine expense was more obvious in normal township hospitals, which decreased by 76.10% compared to community health service center in provincial capital. Conclusion： The implement of Essential Medicine System decreased the Outpatient prescription medicines obviously, lightened the economic and health burden of patients.