骨盆骨折后死亡相关因素分析和流行病学调查

An epidemiological investigation and the risk factors on the death from pelvic fractures

目的 研究我院骨盆骨折患者的流行病学及其重要的死亡率预测变量.方法 对2005-04～2011-12在我院创伤科进行治疗的骨盆骨折创伤患者进行回顾性数据分析,分析骨折发生的机制、原因和人群,用统计学分析与骨折死亡的相关因素.结果 研究纳入了179例患者.64%患者为男性,71%患者年龄20～49岁.其中交通事故和高处跌落是引起损伤的两种最常见的机制,骨盆骨折的死亡率为37%.骨盆骨折的严重性评分、休克和昏迷以及并发头部和胸部损伤的出现与死亡率增加有关.性别、损伤的其他机制以及相伴其他损伤与死亡率的增加无关.结论 骨盆骨折创伤的死亡率仍然很高.在这些患者中,骨盆骨折的严重性、昏迷、休克以及头部和胸部损伤是骨盆骨折患者死亡率升高的重要原因.

Objective This study aims to investigate the epidemiology and the significant predictors of mortality in victims with pelvic fracture presenting to the emergency department （ED）. Methods This was a retrospective data analysis of all trauma patients with pelvic fracture who were treated at the ED of an urban adult hospital in China from April 2005 to December 2011. Student t- test and X2 test were used in statistical analysis where appropriate. Results The study included 179 consecutive patients. Sixty - four percent of patients were males, and 71% of patients were in the 20--49 years old. Road traffic accidents and faUs from height were the two most common causes of injury. Mortality of pelvic fracture was 37%. High mortality of pelvic fracture was associated with the severity of pelvic fracture, the presence of shock, coma and the concurrent head and chest injuries, but did not correlate to gender, causes of pelvic fracture and other concomitant injuries. Conclusion The mortality of pelvic trauma is still very high. In these patients, predictors of mortality are the severity of pelvic fracture, the presence of coma, shock and the concurrent head and chest injuries.