北方汉族白癜风患者HLA-Ⅰ类抗原相关性研究

Study on Association Between Vitiligo and HLA ClassⅠ Antigens

目的探讨中国北方汉族人群中白癜风与 HLA－Ⅰ类抗原的相关性。方法白癜风患者 95例，采用 HLA血清学分型技术检测 HLA－ A、 B位点的抗原特异性，并与 100例正常人进行比较。结果①白癜风患者 HLA－ A2、 A10、 A30＋ 31、 B13、 B15抗原频率显著增高 (Pc< 0.01） ; HLA－ A28、 B46抗原频率显著降低（ Pc< 0.01）。②有明确家族史的白癜风患者 HLA－ A10、 B13、 B15抗原频率显著增高（ Pc< 0.01）；无家族史的 HLA－ A2、 A30＋ 31、 B13、 B15、 B40抗原频率显著增高（ Pc< 0.01）；将家族史阳性与阴性的患者进行比较，仅发现 HLA－ B13抗原有差异（ Pc< 0.05）。③与对照组比较，散发型患者 HLA－ A10、 A30＋ 31、 B13、 B15及限局型患者 HLA－ A2、 A30＋ 31、 B13、 B15、 B40差异有显著性（ Pc< 0.01）；肢端型患者 HLA－ B13及节段型患者 HLA－ A30＋ 31、 B13差异有显著性 (Pc均 < 0.01)。结论白癜风患者 HLA－ A2、 A10、 A30＋ 31、 B13、 B15抗原频率增高 ,HLA－ A28、 B46抗原频率降低。家族史阳性及阴性患者及各临床分型间 HLA－Ⅰ类抗原差异亦有显著性。该结果为进一步揭示白癜风的免疫遗传机制提供了线索 ,亦提示北方汉族白癜风在免疫遗传上有一定的特性。

Objective To investigate the association between vitiligo and HLA classⅠ antigens in the Northern Han Chinese. Methods Ninety－ five patients with vitiligo and 100 normal controls were tested for HLA－ A,B antigens by standard microcytotoxicity assay. Results① It was found that HLA－ A2,A10,A30＋ 31,B13,B15 antigen frequencies were significantly higher in vitiligo patients than those in the controls, while HLA－ A28,B46 antigen frequencies were markedly lower in vitiligo patients (Pc< 0.01).② There was a significant association of HLA－ A10,B13,B15 with familial vitiligo patients, whereas non－ familial patients were associated with HLA－ A2,A30＋ 31,B13,B15, B40 (Pc< 0.01). When familial patients were compared with non－ familial patients, HLA－ B13 was different in frequency between the two groups (Pc< 0.05).③ HLA－ A10,A30＋ 31,B13 and B15 were significantly increased in the scattered type of vitiligo while HLA－ A2,A30＋ 31,B13,B15 and B40 were significantly increased in the localized type. HLA－ B13 was significantly increased in the acral type of vitiligo while HLA－ A30＋ 31,B13 were significantly increased in the segmental type. Conclusions The results indicate that vitiligo is positively associated with HLA－ A2, A10, A30＋ 31, B13, B15 and negatively associated with HLA－ A28, B46. There is a significant difference of HLA－Ⅰ antigens in familial patients, non－ familial patients and different clinical types of vitiligo. These findings support the hypothesis of an immunogenetic mechanism in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. There is a immunogenetic background in patients with vitiligo in the Northern Han Chinese.