生物模拟转氨反应在蛋白质修饰中的应用

Applications of Biomimetic Transamination Reaction to Protein Modifications

作为化学生物学研究的重要方向,生物正交反应的发展与应用为生命科学研究提供了有力武器.利用生物正交反应,人们可以将合成分子与目标天然大分子在特定位点上实现特异性连接,进而达成诸如标记、定位、功能化、固定等一系列目标.生物模拟转氨反应及其衍生反应是一类特异性蛋白质N端修饰的生物正交反应,与天然蛋白侧链、C端的连接反应相互补充.由于该反应具有高效性、通用性、温和性及不需要引入突变或非天然氨基酸等优点,从发现以来已较为广泛地运用于蛋白质化学生物学的多个相关领域.在介绍其基本原理及反应优化的基础上,综述该类反应的发展及应用情况.

Bio-orthogonal reactions provide powerful tools for the life science research, and their discovery as well as development is important in chemical biology. Synthetic molecules can be covalently ligated to natural biomacromolecules at specific sites with high selectivity to achieve diverse goals such as labeling, localization, functionalization and immobilization. Biomimetic transamination reaction is a special protein N-terminal modification orthogonal reaction, which can serve as a supplement to the ligation methods at amino acid residue side chains or protein C-terminus. With several advantages including high efficiency, adaptable applicability, mild operation conditions, and no need for mutation, biomimetic transamination reaction has been broadly utilized in several related realms of protein chemical biology. This review summarizes the development and application of biomimetic transamination reaction for protein modifications.