玉米胚芽油和猪油负荷后小鼠血脂及脂肪酸谱变化的比较研究

Comparison of the effects between maize germ oil and lard oil loading on blood lipids and fatty acid profile of mice

目的研究不同油脂负荷后小鼠血脂及脂肪酸谱的变化,从而探讨膳食不同脂肪酸构成对餐后血脂的影响。方法 96只雄性C57BL/6小鼠随机分为玉米胚芽油组和猪油组,空腹状态下按照体重1%分别灌胃玉米胚芽油或猪油。在0、30、60、120、180和240 min,每组分别随机取8只小鼠,眼球采血,分离血清,检测血脂和脂肪酸谱的变化。结果灌胃猪油组小鼠的血清甘油三酯和总游离脂肪酸在120、180、240 min分别显著高于灌胃玉米胚芽油组小鼠(P<0.05)。分析脂肪酸构成发现,灌胃猪油组小鼠血清饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸水平在60、120、180和240 min均显著高于灌胃玉米胚芽油组小鼠(P<0.05),而多不饱和脂肪酸水平则显著低于灌胃玉米胚芽油组小鼠(P<0.05)。其中,灌胃猪油组小鼠血清棕榈酸和油酸在60、120、180和240 min均显著高于灌胃玉米胚芽油组小鼠(P<0.05),亚油酸和花生四烯酸则显著低于灌胃玉米胚芽油组小鼠(P<0.05)。结论与玉米胚芽油比较,摄入猪油餐后血清甘油三酯和饱和脂肪酸水平更高,因此更容易增加心血管疾病的风险。

Objective To investigate the changes in blood lipids and fatty acids profile of mice after different oil loading, and explore the effects of different dietary fatty acids on postprandial blood lipids and fatty acid profile. Methods Ninety-six C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 2 groups by weight,maize germ oil group and lard oil group. The mice were given maize germ oil or lard oil by gavage at a dose of 1 ml/100 mg BW, respectively, after over-night fasting. At 0, 30, 60, 120, 180 and 240 min after oil loading, 8 mice were selected randomly from both groups, respectively, and blood was collected via orbital bleeding for postprandial blood lipids and fatty acid profile analysis. Results The serum triglycerides and total free fatty acids levels in mice loaded with lard oil were significantly higher than those in mice loaded with maize germ oil, respectively, at 120, 180, 240 min. The serum saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids in mice loaded with lard oil were significantly higher, whereas serum polyunsaturated fatty acids were significantly lower than those in mice loaded with maize germ oil at 60, 120, 180 and240 min（P 〈0.05）. Serum palmitic oil and oleic oil in mice loaded with lard oil were higher, whereas linoleic oil and arachidonic acid were lower than those in mice loaded with maize germ oil at 60, 120, 180 and 240 min （P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Compared with maize germ oil, lard oil leads to higher postprandial serum triglycerides and saturated fatty acids levels, that may increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases.