江苏居民有机磷农药膳食累积暴露急性风险评估

Acute risk assessment of cumulative dietary exposure to organophosphorus pesticide among people in Jiangsu province

目的了解江苏居民膳食有机磷农药累积暴露水平，并进行急性风险评估。方法整合江苏居民营养与健康状况调查数据与全国农产品污染物监测数据。以毒死蜱（CPF）作为指示农药，运用美国EPA推荐的相对强度系数法，采用简单分布评估模型，计算江苏居民有机磷农药膳食累积暴露量，并与急性参考剂量（ARfD）比较，进行评估。结果农村3～6岁组、7～11岁组儿童每天暴露量分别为133．84μg／kgBW和154．32μg／kgBW，超过ARfD；儿童和老人暴露水平高于成人；农村居民的暴露水平高于城市居民；各年龄组贡献度最高的食物均为青菜和韭菜。结论江苏居民的平均暴露水平处于安全范围，少数高端暴露儿童存在急性中毒风险；对青菜和韭菜等高贡献度食物需加强监控。

Objective To understand the cumulative dietary exposure of Jiangsu residents to organophosphorus （OPs） pesticide and make acute risk assessment. Methods Integrated the data of the nutrition and health status of residents in Jiangsu and the data of monitoring of OPs pesticide in agricultural products. Chlorpyrifos was selected as index compound （index chemical, IC ）, then use relative potency factor （RPF） approach which commended by EPA and simple distribution evaluation. Caloulated the dietary cumulative exposure of OPs pesticide among Jiangsu residents and compared with acute reference dose （ARID）, then made risk assessment. Results The exposure of rural group of age 3 -6 and 7 - 11 were 133. 84 μg/kg BW and 154. 32 μg/kg BW, exceeded ARID. The exposure level of kids and elder was higher than adults. The exposure level of rural residents were higher than urban residents. The highest contribution to the food of each age group was greengrocery and leek. Conclusion The average level of exposure was safety in Jiangsu, high exposure children were at acute poisoning risk. High contribution food such as greengrocery and leek should be strengthen monitoring.