典型覆膜作物土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯污染的初步研究

Preliminary Study on Phthalic Acid Esters Pollution of Typical Plastic Mulched Crops Soils

对青岛市典型覆膜作物花生和棉花土壤进行调查采集,利用高效液相色谱法分析了土壤中邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(DEP)、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)和邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)4种优控的邻苯二甲酸酯化合物。结果表明,覆膜花生和棉花土壤中4种邻苯二甲酸酯化合物的总含量分别为33.36 mg/kg和25.59 mg/kg,DEHP分别占2种土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯总量的63.89%和59.43%。DEHP和DBP在所有土壤样品中均被检出,覆膜花生土壤中含量较高。按照美国土壤控制标准,4种邻苯二甲酸酯化合物均存在不同程度的超标,所有样品DBP的超标倍数均在110以上,甚至超过治理标准,表明覆膜土壤在一定程度上已经受到邻苯二甲酸酯污染。

Four priority pollutants of phthalic acid esters（PAEs） including di-methyl phthalate（DMP）,di-ethyl phthalate（DEP）,di-butyl phthalate（DBP）,di-（2-ethylhexyl） phthalate（DEHP） in soil samples from typical plastic mulched peanut and cotton fields in Qingdao were colleted and determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography（HPLC）.In plastic mulched soils of from crops of peanut and cotton,total content of the four phthalic acid esters compounds（ΣPAEs） are 33.36 mg/kg and 25.59 mg/kg respectively.In phthalic acid esters compounds,the content of DEHP contribute 63.89% and 59.43% to ΣPAEs respectively.In all soil samples,DEHP and DBP were determined,with the highest concentration appearing in sample from plastic mulched peanut soil.According to soil allowable concentration of phthalic acid esters compounds in USA,the concentrations of four phthalic acid esters compounds exceeded the control limits more commonly and more seriously.The concentration of DBP is 110 times higher than allowable concentration and even exceeds cleanup objective,which shows that plastic mulched crops soil was contaminated with phthalic acid esters to an extent.