碳排放约束下中国省际农业生产效率及其影响因素研究

RESEARCH ON CHINA'S PROVINCIAL AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY AND ITS INFLUENCING FACTORS UNDER THE CONSTRAINTS OF CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSION

本文从系统论的角度出发,将农业碳排放量纳入农业生产效率研究框架内。首先,综合运用3个DEA模型,测算了2004—2010年中国30个省份农业生产效率,探索中国各省份、三大地区间的效率差异,并给出农业资源利用效率的4种模式,然后,利用Tobit模型检验农业生产效率的影响因素。结果表明:考察期内中国农业生产效率有所提升,但仍处于较低水平,纯技术效率低下是制约农业生产效率提升的主要因素;各省份、三大地区间效率差异明显,东部地区最高,而中西部地区均低于全国平均水平;全国有60%的省份农业资源利用模式为低经济低环境效率型,这些省份主要来自于中西部地区;农田抗灾能力、农村用电量和研发经费的提高对全国农业生产效率的提升具有积极影响,而基础教育水平、产业结构以及农村金融支持的影响并不显著。

Based on system theory, this paper puts carbon emission into the study framework of agri- cultural production efficiency. Firstly, we measured China＇s 30 provincial agricultural production efficien- cy using three DEA models, and then explored the efficiency differences of each province and three maior areas. Four kinds of models of utilizing resource were put forward, and Tobit model was utilized to exam- ine the affecting factors of China＇s agricultural production efficiency. The result revealed that China＇s agri- cultural production efficiency has been improved in the past, but remained very low, because the pure technology efficiency was low. There were relatively significant differences in the agricultural production efficiency of all provinces and three major areas. The efficiency of eastern is highest, and the west and middle areas＇ efficiencies were lower than the average efficiency of whole country. The model of utilizing resource is low economic and low environment in 60% of all provinces, these are mainly from the Midwest of China. It is found that enhancing the ability of resisting the disaster, rural power consumption and R＆D expenditure, have remarkable facilitation for improving the agricultural production efficiency. But the level of basic education, industry structure and rural financial support＇s effects were not significant.