转型研究的三个层面——兼论政府再造

Three Levels of Transformation Research——Simultaneously Explore Government Reengineering

转型是经济、社会、政府三个层面的协同转型,经济转型涉及宏观、中观和微观三个层次,是经济体制、形态、结构、发展方式及路径与模式等的转型;社会转型是与多元经济相适应的元经济社会及元社会结构等的转型;政府转型是基于经济、社会双重转型条件下的政府再造,是政府静态制度结构与动态行为模式的整体性变迁。西方政府再造理论经历了四种范式转换,它在国际社会政府改革的实践中不断丰富与发展。我国在借鉴运用西方政府再造理论的基础上,在机构改革、电子政务、分权、国企改革及X-型政府建设等方面取得了显著进步。未来政府再造的创新方向将是范式替换、重构和差异缩小,以及坚持再造工具创新和公平优先理念等。

Transformation involves collaborative transformation of three levels including economic, society and government, as is the essence of comprehensive transformation. Among three levels of transformation, they are a kind of dialectical relation- ship of interactive integration and mutual promotion. Economic transformation involves the transition of economic system, mor- phology, structure, development pattern, path and mode which originates from three levels including macro-economy, meso-econ- omy and micro-economy. Social transformation is an particular transition of pluralistic economic society and pluralistic economic structure which is compatible with diversified economy shape. Government transformation essentially reinvents government based on conditions of the dual transformation from economic and society, government, government static and dynamic structure of the system overall change behavior patterns, which is comprehensive change originated from static institutional structure of government and dynamic behavior mode. The theory of western governments reengineering has experienced four paradigm shift, which is constantly enriched and developed in the practice of government reform of international community, and which has a- chieved some success. Governments reengineering in China achieves remarkable effectiveness in the aspects of institutional re- form, e-government, decentralization,reform of state enterprises and X-oriented government by drawing on the use of Western theories of government reinventing. In the future innovative orientations of reinventing government paradigm will be paradigm replacement, remodeling and narrowing the gap, as well as adhere to innovating reengineering tools and fair priority ideas and so on.