我国农业人口老龄化对现代农业的影响及对策

Impact of China's Agricultural Population Aging on Modern Agriculture and Countermeasures

随着人口老龄化时代的到来,我国农业人口老龄化日益严重,表现出速度快、未富先老、地区差异明显等特点。农业人口老龄化对现代农业的影响巨大,不仅造成农业劳动力不足,还限制了农业资本的投入,同时加剧了农业土地资源的浪费,严重阻碍现代农业的发展。面对农业人口老龄化,一方面应尽力保障传统生产要素——劳动力、资本要素的作用力,鼓励农民回乡务农,加强对农业适龄劳动人员的能力培养,充分开发老年农业劳动力资源,加大农业资本投入;另一方面还应积极发挥新生产要素——技术、信息要素在农业生产中的作用,推广农业科技与先进耕种工具,建立和完善农产品市场信息服务平台。

With the era of an aging population, China＇s agricultural population aging is becoming more and more serious, showing some characteristics, including fast speed, old before getting rich, significant regional differences, etc. Agricultural population aging has a great impact on modem agriculture, not only resulted in the shortage of agricultural labor, but also limits the agricultural capital investment, while intensified the waste of agricultural land resources, which is a serious impediment to the development of modem agriculture. To face the agricultural population aging, one should endeavor to protect the force of traditional production factors - labor, capital elements to encourage farmers back to farming, strengthen the capacity of agricultural working-age staff training, fully develop old agricultural labor resources, increase agricultural capital investment; other new production factors - technology, information elements in agricultural production should also play an active role in the promotion of agricultural technology and advanced farming tools, establish and improve the agricultural market information service platform.