超级电容器用掺杂聚苯胺纳米材料的乳液聚合法及电容性能研究

Research on emulsion polymerization method and capacitive performance of doped PANI nanomaterial for supercapacitor

以二氧化锰(MnO2)为氧化剂,通过乳液聚合法室温条件下制备了十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)、十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)、曲拉通(T-X100)掺杂的聚苯胺(PANI-SDBS、PANI-SDS、PANI-T-X100)。并采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)以及X射线衍射(XRD)对其结构和形貌进行了表征。以掺杂PANI为活性物质制备电极,1.0mol/L H2SO4水溶液为电解液组装超级电容器,用循环伏安法(CV)、电化学阻抗(EIS)和恒电流充放电技术分别测试了掺杂PANI电化学性能。结果表明,以PANI-SDBS、PANI-T-X100为电极材料的超级电容器在5mA/cm2放电电流下的比电容为393、339F/g,均高于未掺杂PANI的比电容(228F/g),1000次循环后的比电容仍高于未掺杂PANI。其中PANI-SDBS纤维纳米材料具有较高的比容量和良好的循环性能。

In this paper, doped polyaniline （abbr. PANI） was prepared by using emulsion polymerization method and using MnOe as the oxidant,adding surfactant （SDBS, SDS, T-X100） at ambient temperature. The mor- phology and structure of doped PANI （PANI-SDBS, PANI-SDS, PANI T-X100） were characterized by scan- ning electron microscopy （SEM）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FT-IR） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. Symmetric redox supercapacitor was assembled with the doped PANI as active electrode material and 1.0mol/L H2SO4 aqueous solution as electrolyte. The electochemical performance of these supercapacitors was investigated by cyclic voltammetry （CV）, electrochemical impedence （EIS） and galvanostatic charge-discharge. These results showed that the specific capacitance of PANI-SDBS and PANI-T-X100 was about 393 and 339F/g at the current density of 5mA/cm^2, respectively, which was higher than that of PANI （228F/g）. After 1000 charge-discharge cycles the specific capacitance of PANI-SDBS was still higher than that of PANI. Among them PANI-SDBS fiber nanomaterial had higher specific capacitance and better cycle performance.