原竹纤维增强酚醛泡沫材料的燃烧特性

Combustion Characteristics of Phenolic Foam Reinforced by Nature Bamboo Fibers

采用锥形量热仪研究了不同原竹纤维加入量对酚醛泡沫材料的燃烧性能和烟气释放特性的影响。结果表明，酚醛泡沫材料的引燃时间随着原竹纤维加入量的增大而缩短，热释放速率、总放热量、质量损失速率、生烟速率和总发烟量随原竹纤维加入量的增大而总体呈增大趋势，但由于酚醛泡沫材料具有良好的阻燃性能，其燃烧快速成炭特性阻碍了热量在材料内层传递，减缓了原竹纤维在0-480S燃烧阶段的热释放和烟气释放，使得加入量为1．5％～3．5％的原竹纤维作为其增强材料时，对酚醛泡沫材料的阻燃性能影响较小；而原竹纤维的加入量≥5．0％时，对酚醛泡沫材料的阻燃性能有较大的降低作用，必须进行阻燃改性。

Combustion characteristics of phenolic foam which contained various amount of nature bamboo fibers was tested using cone calorimeter. It was found that the time of ignition of phenolic foam was decreased with increasing content of nature bamboo fibers; while heat release rate, total heat release, mass loss rate, smoke product rate, and total smoke product were increased. Because heat transfer was blocked in the inner layer, the total heat release was slowed down phenolic and the total smoke product in the phase of 0- 480 s combustion was reduced. When the addition of nature bamboo fibers was 1.5 %-3. 5 %, the requirement for flame-retardancy could be generally satisfied. However, when the addition was more than 5 %, the phenolic foam must be further modified to be flame-retardant.