申请者·评价者·招生者——美国研究生入学评价制度中参与主体的互动关系

Interaction among Applicants,Evaluators and Recruiters in Graduate Admissions in the United States

本文将美国研究生入学评价制度的参与主体浓缩为三者——申请者、评价者和招生者。三者间的良性互动保证了美国研究生入学选拔过程的高效与优质。评价者专业性增强的同时,其发挥的质性评价平台功能日益显现,使得评价者与申请者、招生者间的互动更为充分;质性评价得到评价者重视,亦平衡了标准化考试过分追求客观性带来的某些弊端。美国这种在高等教育大众化背景下产生的评价制度与结构可为我国未来的研究生招考改革提供借鉴。

Applicants, evaluators and recruiters play important roles in graduate admissions in the United States. The interaction among them ensures an efficient and high quality selection process. With evaluators becoming more and more professional, they increasingly realize the necessity of qualitative e- valuation, for improving the interactions between applicants and recruiters and counteracting some drawbacks associated with the excessive pursuit of objectivity with standardized tests. This assessment system and structure, developed against the background of mass higher？ education in the United States, can inform the graduate admissions reform in China.