大学生的全球化能力和经历:中国与世界一流大学的比较——基于南京大学、首尔大学和伯克利加州大学的问卷调查

Undergraduates' Global Competency and Global Experience:Comparing Chinese and Foreign First-Class Universities——Based on a Survey in Nanjing University,Seoul National University,and the University of California,Berkeley

为大学生提供更加丰富的全球化经历,培养大学生的全球化能力,是大学国际化发展的重要方面。通过对南京大学、首尔大学和伯克利加州大学的问卷调查,研究发现,伯克利加州大学学生在全球化能力和全球化经历等方面,都显著优于中韩两校。中韩之间的比较则表明,在全球化能力上,首尔大学先弱后强,低年级阶段所存在的显著差异,在高年级阶段则完全消失;在全球化经历上,首尔大学在各个维度上都明显好于南京大学。聚类分析则证明,全球化经历和全球化能力之间存在着明显的聚合相关关系。在定量调查的基础上,结合对学生的深度访谈,文章指出,促进学生的双向流动、增设区域研究中心和相关课程、提升校内全球化活动的丰富度和精深度、引导学生树立"全球化人才"的身份意识、完善大学国际化的支持和管理机制,是促进学生全球化能力发展的重要方面。

An important aspect of university internationalization is providing students with rich global experience and helping them develop global competency. Based on a survey in Nanjing Universi- ty, Seoul National University, and the University of California, Berkeley （UCB）, we found that UCB is superior to the Chinese and Korean universities in terms of promoting global competency and global experience. Of the two Asian universities, Nanjing University did significantly better than Seoul Na- tional University （SNU） in global competency in the lower grades but no significant difference was de- tected in the higher grades~ SNU did significantly better than Nanjing University in global experience. Cluster analysis showed an aggregation relationship between global competency and global experience. Furthermore, based on interviews with 20 undergraduate students, this paper suggests important ways to boost internationalization in Chinese universities, namely, promoting two-way flow of undergraduate students, creating regional research centers and offering related courses, enriching and deepening inter- national activities on campus, helping students develop the self-awareness as global talent, and impro- ving the support and management mechanisms for university internationalization.