换电模式下电动汽车充换电网络的规划

Planning of battery-switching and vehicle-charging network based on battery switching mode

为解决换电模式下电动汽车充换电网络的规划问题,提出了基于集中充电站和电池更换站的充换电网络模型。模型以用户更换电池的总加权距离最短和包含配电网在内的充换电设施的建设、运营维护成本最低为目标,以用户需求、有功功率平衡和线路传输容量为约束条件。采用了交叉中值法求解电池更换站的位置,再由贪婪算法确定集中充电站与电池更换站间的对应关系,并通过粒子群算法进行迭代寻优。最后以交通网络和电力网络作为城市模型,对不同选址定容方案下的建设运营成本进行了比较,结果表明,该规划方法可以有效降低充换电网络的建设运营成本。

A network model based on centralized charging station and battery switching station is presented in order to solve the problem of planning of battery switching and vehicle charging network in battery switching mode. In the proposed model, the shortest user switching battery weighted distance and the lowest costs of building, maintaining and operating the battery-switching and vehicle-charging establishment containing distribution network are taken as the objective, and user requirement, balance of active power and power lines＇ transmission capacity are taken as constraints. Cross median is used to determine the location of battery switching stations, then greedy algorithm is used to determine the correlations between battery switching stations and centralized charging stations, and PSO is used to iterate to find the best solution. Finally, construction and operation costs under different selection and capacity allocating schemes are tested via city mode which is simulated by traffic network and power grids. The results show that the proposed planning method can effectively reduce construction and operation costs of the network.