秸秆生物反应堆技术在干旱半干旱区的应用与推广研究

Application and Promotion of Straw Bio Reactor Technology in Arid and Semi Arid Region

[目的]从根本上摆脱农业生产依赖化肥、农药的局面。[方法]以秸秆为资源,使秸秆在专用微生物菌种的作用下,定向转化成植物生长所需的CO2、热量、抗病微生物、有机质和矿物质元素等,从而以秸秆替代农业种植中使用的大量化肥和传统有机肥,以植物疫苗替代大量农药。于2008-2011年在临洮、安定、陇西、通渭等县区试种的黄瓜、马铃薯等日光温室大棚内推广内置式"秸秆生物反应堆"技术,探讨该技术在供试作物蔬菜、马铃薯、中药材上的增产、增效以及对蔬菜生长发育和病害发生的影响。[结果]应用该技术后黄瓜增产26.4%,增效35.1%;马铃薯增产75.6%,增效78.8%。对西葫芦的生育性状影响表现为前期缓苗快、生长旺盛、叶色浓绿,病害少,死苗率降低。[结论]秸秆生物反应堆技术能够提高干旱半干旱地区作物产量与质量。

[Objective] The aim was to get rid of agricultural production situation which depending on chemical fertilizers and pesticides.[Method] Mainly using the straw resources,the straw in the special microorganism function were transformed into CO2,heat,heat resistant microorganisms,organic matter and mineral elements which required for the growth of plants,so as to take agricultural straw replace the use of chemical fertilizer and traditional organic fertilizer in farming,and take the plant vaccine to replace a large number of pesticides.The built-in 'promotion of straw bio reactor' technology in the test crops,potato,vegetables in Chinese herbal medicine production,efficiency and on vegetable growth and disease effects were discussded,by extending this technology in cucumber,potato and other solar greenhouse in Lintao,Anding,Longxi,Tongwei and other counties stability between 2008-2011.[Result] The results showed that the yield of cucumber increased by 26.4%,with efficiency increased by 35.1%; and the yield of potato increased by75.6%,with efficiency increased by 78.8%,when applying the technology.And the squash showed growth traits of fast seedling recovering,vigorous growth,dark green leaves,less disease and low death seedling rate.[Conclusion] Straw bio reactor technology could improve yield and quality of crop in arid and semi arid region.