茶树根际与非根际土壤磷形态变化特征

Characteristics of Phosphorus Forms in Rhizosphere and Non-rhizosphere Soil of Tea Plantation

以茶树(Camellia sinensis)根际和非根际土壤为研究对象,选取湖南省石门、临澧、桃源、长沙、安化、资兴等6县(市)的茶园为采样点,对其根际和非根际土壤的全磷、有效磷及无机磷的不同化学形态进行了分析。结果表明,茶树根际土壤全磷和有效磷含量均高于非根际土壤,有效磷在根际富集明显;土壤无机磷含量及占全磷的比例差异都很大。不同母质发育土壤的无机磷组成也不同,板页岩母质发育的根际土壤中Al—P含量最高,Fe—P其次,O—P最少。花岗岩和第四纪红色黏土发育的根际土壤Fe—P最高,Al—P其次,O—P最少。3种母质发育的非根际土壤中均为Fe—P含量最高。根际无机磷中的Al—P,Fe—P和Ca—P含量与有效磷呈极显著正相关,非根际Al—P和Fe—P与土壤有效磷显著正相关关系。根际、非根际土壤全磷和有效磷含量与pH值相关性不显著,根际、非根际土壤有效磷和全磷含量相关性极显著。

The characteristics of soil total phosphorus（P）, available P, different chemical form of inorganic P were studied in rhizosphere and non-rhizoshpere soil that was collected from Shimen, Linli, Taoyuan and Changsha area in tea plantation. The results showed the content of total P and available P were higher in rhizosphere soil than non-rhizosphere soil, and the apperent enrichment of available P was observed, while the difference was greater in the content of inorganic P, the ratio of available P to total P in tea plantation soil. In the rhizosphere soils derived from plate shale, the content of A1 P was the highest, Fe--P second and O--P was the least; in rhizosphere soils derived from granite and quaternary red clay, the content of Fe--P was the highest, A1--P second and O--P was the least. In all three types of non-rhizosphere soil the content of Fe--P was the highest. The correlation between A1 P, Fe--P, Ca--P of inorganic P in rhizosphere soil and the available P was extremely positive significant, but between AI--P, Fe--P in non-rhizosphere soil and the available P was positive significant. The P and the available P got no significant correlation with pH value in both rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils while the available P had significant correlation with the total P.