开花、结荚期水分胁迫对芸豆光合特性及产量的影响

Effect of Water Stress during the Flowering and Pod-setting Stage on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Kidney Bean

在芸豆开花结荚期进行不同程度水分胁迫处理,研究水分亏缺对芸豆光合特性及产量的影响。结果表明,随水分胁迫程度加剧,叶片光合速率和叶绿素含量下降,光饱和点降低,光补偿点、CO2补偿点升高,光呼吸增强;水分胁迫15d后,叶片气孔密度有一定程度增加,但气孔宽度和开度显著降低,尤其在重度水分胁迫处理下,气孔宽度和气孔开度比对照减小5.42、3.99μm,气孔关闭时间提前;开花结荚期水分胁迫对产量的影响主要是造成花荚数和籽粒数减少,最终导致产量较大幅度下降。在轻度、中度、重度水分胁迫下,产量分别比对照下降41.29%、66.37%、85.02%。由此可见,芸豆在开花结荚期对水分亏缺十分敏感。

Kidney bean was treated by water stress in different degree during the flowering and pod setting stage, and the effects of different treatments on photosynthetic characteristics and yield were studied. The results showed that the photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content of kidney bean leaves decreased; the light saturation point also decreased, while the light compensation point and the CO2compensation point increased under water stress. Stomatal density of kidney bean leaves had a certain increase 15 days after water stress treatments, while stomatal width and opening had an obvious decrease; stomatal width and opening decrease by 5.42 and 3.99 μm respectively, compared with the control, especially under heavy water stress，stomatal closure time advanced.The number of pods and seeds were decreased and yield of kidney bean decreased significantly under water stress. Compared with the control, yield of kidney bean decrease by 41.29%, 66.37% and 85.02% under light water stress, moderate stress and heavy stress, respectively.