放射影像学在女性生殖器畸形检查中的价值

Radiographic examination in the female genital malformations

女性生殖器畸形是一类广泛的、复杂的畸形,常伴有原发性闭经、不孕不育、产科并发症、子宫内膜异位症。子宫输卵管造影是评价不孕不育的常规检查方法,但其对于子宫的外部轮廓不能提供任何信息,因此价值有限。MRI常被用于复杂的或是诊断不明确的情况之下,其因无创性,无电离辐射性,多平面成像性,能够获得较高的软组织分辨力,是一种重要的成像参考标准。对于苗勒管发育异常的评价而言,MRI的广泛应用使得侵袭性操作的数量以及治疗方案制定的相关花费都大大减少,MRI凭借可靠性和准确性是目前选择成像的最佳方案。

Female genital malformations are a broad and complex spectrum of abnormalities that are often associated with primary amenorrhea, infertility, ob- stetric complications, and endometriosis. Hysterosal- pingography （HSG） is routinely used in evaluation of infertility. Because a key component of MDAs char- acterization is the external uterine fundal contour, HSG is limited for this purpose. Magnetic resonance （MR） imaging is typically reserved for complex or indeterminate cases. MR imaging is the imaging standard of reference because it is noninvasive, does not involve ionizing radiation, has muhiplanar capa- bility, allows excellent soft-tissue characterization. Use of MR imaging for evaluation of MDAs reduces the number of invasive procedures and related costs by guiding management decisions. MR imaging is currently the imaging modality of choice due to its re- liability and accuracy.