堤防工程级别划分合理性分析

An Analysis of the Dike Project Level

按建设任务确定工程规模和等别,再按所属的工程等别确定水工建筑物级别是水利水电工程的通用做法,但堤防工程的级别是按防护区的防洪标准确定的,提高防洪标准势必提高堤防级别,降低防洪标准同样降低堤防级别。按防洪工程实践分析,堤防失事以堤防本身出险居多,洪水漫堤造成的次之,再高的防洪标准都将面临超标准洪水问题。因此,堤防工程不应过分注重防洪标准有多高,而应把重点放在其结构的可靠性和与洪水和谐共处的理念上。按所属工程等别确定其级别较按防洪标准确定其级别更具合理性。

It is a common practice to determine the grade of engineering according to water resources and hydropower engineering and the level of hydro-buildings according to its grade, but the level of dikes is determined by flood controlling standard. Because flood controlling standard is affected by various factors, it is unreasonable to improve the dike level with improving flood controlling stand- ard and to reduce the dike level with reducing flood controlling standard. Dike crashing is caused by the dike structure and little more than the flood standard. The dike project should not lay too much emphasis on the flood controlling standards but focus on the struc- tural reliability of dikes, and live in harmony with the floods. So, determining the dike level according to engineering grades is more reasonable than determining its level according to the flood controlling standards.