“需要—欲望”的政治经济学批判解读及其当代发现——以西方马克思主义政治经济学批判为路径

On Political Economic Criticism of Need-desire and Its Contemporary Significance:Based on Political Economic Criticism in Western Marxism

黑格尔在完成对英国古典政治经济学批判的基础上用"需要—欲望"思辨机制构建精神思辨体系,而马克思谈论需要问题则是面向人类生存之根本并对前者构成批判。后来的西方马克思主义政治经济学批判理论家们仅抓住社会发展的某一因素所完成的批判工作都停留于表象世界,未曾像马克思那样触及人类生存需要之根基。由此马克思针对需要和资本逐利之本性欲望问题所展开的批判便具有根本性指导意义,这恰是当代西方理论批判家们无法超越的。

Based on the criticism of English classical political economics, rtegei u^eu dialectic mechanism of need-desire to formulate his whole spirit system, but Marx faced the essence of human survival when arguing the problem of need and criticized the former. Later political economic critics in western Marxism only grasped a certain factor of social develop- ment, and their critical work stayed in the world as presentation, so they could not touch the base of the need of human survival like Marx. Therefore, Marx＇ s criticism of nature desire of need and profit-driven capital is of basic guidance, which precisely cannot be surpassed by contemporary western theoretical critics.