德里达语言哲学思想管窥

On the Post-modernist Property of Derrida' s Linguistic Philosophy

后现代主义作为一种现代思潮,起源于20世纪60年代的西方发达国家。后现代主义者致力于反对一切形式的确定性、同一性、永恒性、终极性,倡导差异性、多元性、动态性等等。德里达的语言哲学认为,世间不存在本质的基础或中心,它追求世界的多样性、非中心性和不确定性,它打破了结构主义语言学中心性、总体性、意义恒定性的神话,建立起了新的语言哲学研究范式。德里达的语言哲学率先提出了成为后现代理论的纲领:"延异"与反"逻各斯中心主义",其全新的带有鲜明后现代特征的思维方式和价值取向。

Post - modernism originated from the 1960s＇ western society. It is characterized by opposing any form of unity, defi- niteness, ultimateness and advocating difference, plurality , dynamicity. Derrida＇ s linguistic philosophy pursues the plurality, de- centrism and indefiniteness by denying the essential base and center of the world. It broke the myth of structuralism in centrism, holis- ticity and semantic constancy and established the new research methodology of linguistic study. Derrida＇ s linguistic philosophy first proposed the concept of ＂defferance＂ and anti - logoscentrism. These concepts later became the guidelines of post - modernism which reflects Derrida＇ s attitude to denounce the traditional essentialism and the determination to carry deconstructionism to the end.